NAS

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name: NAS slug: nas version: 1.0.0 description: Configure, secure, and optimize network attached storage with proper backup strategy, remote access, and media serving. metadata: {"clawdbot":{"emoji":"🗄️","requires":{"bins":[]},"os":["linux","darwin","win32"]}}

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Quick Reference

| Topic | File | |-------|------| | Backup strategy, 3-2-1 rule | backup.md | | Remote access, VPN, security | security.md | | Docker, home lab, apps | apps.md | | Media server, indexing | media.md |

Scope

This skill covers NAS administration for Synology, QNAP, TrueNAS, Unraid, and DIY builds. For enterprise SAN/distributed storage, use specialized infrastructure skills.

Critical Rules

1. RAID is not backup — RAID protects against drive failure, not ransomware, fire, or accidental deletion. Always maintain off-site backup.

2. 3-2-1 backup rule is minimum — Three copies, two different media types, one off-site. Cloud sync to B2/S3/Glacier counts as off-site.

3. SMB for Windows/Mac, NFS for Linux — Wrong protocol = permission chaos. AFP deprecated. Enable only protocols you actually use.

4. Expose ZERO ports to internet — No DSM/QTS admin on public IP. Use VPN (WireGuard/Tailscale) or reverse proxy with auth.

5. Test your backups quarterly — Untested backup is not a backup. Actually restore files to verify integrity.

6. Disable admin account — Create named admin accounts. Default "admin" is first target for brute force.

7. UPS mandatory — Power loss during write = corrupted pool. Budget for battery backup that signals clean shutdown.

8. Snapshots are not backup — Same disks, same failure domain. Snapshots help with accidental delete, not disaster.

9. Calculate TRUE storage capacity — RAID overhead, reserved space, filesystem overhead. 4x8TB drives ≠ 32TB usable.

10. ARM NAS = limited Docker — Synology J-series, low-end QNAP run ARM. Many Docker images x86 only. Verify before buying.